Introduction
Ovaries are reproductive glands in women located on each side of the pelvis. They’re responsible for making eggs. Ovaries also serve as body’s primary source of the hormones oestrogen and progesterone. Many women experience pain in their ovaries from time to time, typically related to their menstrual cycle. Sometimes, though, ovary pain can be a sign of an underlying condition.
Signs & symptoms
Pelvic pain
Irregular menstruation.
Pain during intercourse or bowel movements.
Nausea or vomiting.
Feeling full after eating a small meal.
Bloating.
Causes
Menstrual Pain – most common cause
Mittelschmerz Pain –Some women experience ovary pain during regular ovulation each month. This condition is called mittelschmerz. The name comes from the German words for “middle” and “pain.” Ovulation generally happens in the middle of menstrual cycle, so the pain comes most around day 14 or so, as the egg bursts from the ovary into fallopian tube. The person may feel the discomfort in the pelvis on one or both sides. It can be mild or severe, lasting from a few minutes to several hours. Some women experience bleeding or discharge during ovulation. Others may have nausea along with pain. There are different theories for why ovulation might hurt. One is that because there isn’t an opening in the ovary, your egg has to go through the wall of the ovary, which may hurt. Some doctors think the enlargement of the egg in the ovary just prior to ovulation may cause the pain. Mittelschmerz pain generally goes away in a day. It doesn’t require treatment, though some women may get relief by starting a birth control pill regimen.
Ovarian cysts
Endometriosis
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Phantom pains – The ovaries are located near many other organs and parts of the body. As a result, pelvic and ovary pain can result from other medical conditions like: Appendicitis, Constipation, Kidney stones, Pregnancy, Ectopic pregnancy, Urinary tract infection etc.
Ovarian remnant syndrome – Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) develops as pain and bleeding after an oophorectomy (surgical removal of ovary), as there can be tissue left over for a number of reasons. Pelvic pain and feeling of a pelvic mass are the most common symptoms with ORS.
Ovarian cancer
Pathophysiology
Different biological mechanisms may explain the origin of pelvic pain and ovarian pain, such as nociceptive, inflammatory, neuropathic, psychogenic, mixed, or idiopathic origin. Noxious stimulus induces the activation of specialized nociceptors and is transmitted via primary afferent fibers to synapses in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, mainly, via the hypogastric plexus and pudendal nerves. This information is sent within the spinal cord to the thalamus and finally to multiple brain areas which are responsible for pain perception.
Diagnosis
Medical history
Sexual History
Physical examination
Pap smear test from a vaginal swab
Pregnancy test
Urine analysis
CRP, ESR and Complete & Differential blood counts
Pelvic ultrasound
CT scan of abdomen & pelvis
Pelvic Laparoscopy and biopsy
Treatments
Treatment depends upon the cause of the pain It can include taking medication like NSAID s or undergoing surgery for ovarian torsion/ectopic pregnancy.
Prognosis
Most ovarian cysts are self-limiting and go away on their own. If there are no serious symptoms, watchful waiting is the best option.
In ovarian pain with another underlying disease, the outlook depends upon the severity of the disease.
Complications
These symptoms can indicate a ruptured cyst or an ovarian torsion. Both complications can have serious consequences if not treated early.
Disease & Ayurveda
Aartavasoola /granthiartava.
Nidana
Causative factors for the vitiation of Kapha and Vaata
Unwholesome diet and lifestyle during menstruation
Purvaaroopa
Not mentioned
Samprapti
When vitiated Kapha and Vaata in women reach the reproductive organs and get lodged in andasaya, artava production is affected and the development of it is delayed & arrested in andasaya. Due to the kapha and vaata doshas, it forms a cyst like growth which leads to granthiartava
Lakshana
Irregular menstrual bleeding with clots
Lower abdominal pain
Pain on both sides of abdomen
Divisions
Not mentioned
Prognosis
Saadhya in new cases in healthy women with no complications.
Yaapya in chronic cases
Chikithsa
The aim of Ayurvedic treatment in granthiartava is to remove and expel the kapha dosha blocking the normal functioning of Vaata. This wll help the reproductive system in functioning in the normal way. To eliminate kapha, vamanam and nasyam are done if the patient is suitable. After clearing the obstruction in channels, treatment is given to enhance artava formation and development in a normal way.
Samana
Aamapaachana
Agnideepana
Internal medicines and diet with ushna-teekshna(hot, pungent & penetrating) properties
Krishna Tila, kulattha
Sodhana
Sneha-sweda
Vamana
Virechana
Kashayavasti
Snehavasti
Uttaravasti
Commonly used medicines
Varanadi kashayam
Pathadi kashayam
Chitrakadi Kashayam
Sukumaram kashayam
Nirgundyadi kashayam
Chiruvilwadi kashayam
Kumaryasavam
Asokarishtam
Brands available
AVS Kottakal
AVP Coimbatore
SNA oushadhasala
Vaidyaratnam oushadhasala
Home remedies
No home remedies can completely cure ovarian cysts. But a healthy diet and lifestyle can help manage the discomforts.
Diet
- To be avoided
Heavy meals and difficult to digest foods – cause indigestion.
Junk foods- cause disturbance in digestion and reduces the bioavailability of the medicine
Carbonated drinks – makes the stomach more acidic and disturbed digestion
Refrigerated and frozen foods – causes weak and sluggish digestion by weakening Agni (digestive fire)
Milk and milk products – increase kapha, cause obstruction in channels and obesity
Curd – causes vidaaha and thereby many other diseases
- To be added
Light meals and easily digestible foods
Green gram, soups, sesame oil
Freshly cooked and warm food processed with cumin seeds, ginger, black pepper, ajwain etc
Protect yourself from extreme hot climate.
Better to avoid exposure to excessive sunlight wind rain or dust.
Maintain a regular food and sleep schedule.
Avoid holding or forcing the urges like urine, faeces, cough, sneeze etc.
Avoid sedentary lifestyle. Be active
Yoga
As most of the cases of ovarian pain is developed due to sedentary lifestyle, regular exercising is advised unless severe pain present. Also, specific yogacharya is recommended.
Regular exercise helps improve bioavailability of the medicine and food ingested and leads to positive health.
Yoga can maintain harmony within the body and with the surrounding system.
Vajrasana
Gomukhasana
Bhadrasana
Pavanamuktasana
Nadisudhi pranayama
Bhujangasana
Simple exercises for lungs and heart health
All the exercises and physical exertions must be decided and done under the supervision of a medical expert only.
Research articles
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/903848/
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, United States. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Please consult your GP before the intake.
Writer:
Dr. Rajesh Nair, the co-founder and chief consultant of Ayurvedaforall.Com, is a graduate of prestigious Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College (affiliated with the University of Calicut), Kerala, India. Additionally, he holds a Postgraduate Diploma in Yoga Therapy from Annamalai University.
Dr. Nair offers consultation at two busy clinics in and around Haripad, Alleppey, Kerala, the southern state famous worldwide for authentic ayurvedic treatment and physicians. While offering consultation on all aspects of ayurvedic treatments Dr. Nair has a special interest in Panchkarma, Yoga, and Massage.
Through Ayurvedaforall Dr. Nair offers online consultation to patients worldwide and has served hundreds of patients over the last 20 years. In addition to his Ayurvedic practice, he is the chief editor of ayurveda-amai.org, the online portal of Ayurveda Medical Association of India, and the state committee member of Ayurveda Medical Association of India.
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