Ayurvedic Treatment for Amoebiasis is entirely different from conventional treatment of giving importance to the guest- Amoeba. Ayurveda is a pro host ( Human being) treatment and it enhances the host to fight against the guests whoever may be. A parasitic infection of the colon with the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica is known as Amoebiasis. It is also known as amoebic dysentery. Amoebiasis is present all over the world, but more prevalent in developing countries. Due to this infection there occurs an average death between 40,000–110,000 people a year
- Signs and symptoms of Amoebiasis
- Causes of Amoebiasis
- Pathophysiology of Amoebiasis
- Diagnosis of Amoebiasis
- Treatments of Amoebiasis
- Prognosis of Amoebiasis
- Complications of Amoebiasis
- Pravahika in Ayurveda
- Nidana- Causes of Pravahika
- Samprapthi (Maturation) of Pravahika
- Lakshana of Pravahika
- Chikitsa (Treatment) of Pravahika
- Commonly used medicines for Pravahika
- Diet desirable to prevent Pravahika
- Yoga
- Research articles link.
Signs and Symptoms
Among the infected persons, nearly 90% are asymptomatic. But in some cases, it becomes very serious to a level that endangers life. Symptoms usually manifest within a few days to weeks after infection. The infection can persist for years if no treatment is taken. The symptoms include,
- mild diarrhea to dysentery with blood
- intense abdominal pains
- in some cases, there may be an infection in the colon, liver
- the blood in stools comes from the bleeding lesions created by the amoebae invading the lining of the colon
- this parasite in some cases enters the bloodstream and invades other organs mainly the liver.
Causes
Amoebiasis is an infection caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. The highest prevalence of amebiasis is in developing countries where barriers between human faeces and food and water supplies are inadequate
Pathophysiology
The pathogenesis of infection by Entamoeba histolytica is governed at several levels, chief among them are
- adherence of trophozoites to the target cell
- lysis of target cell
- Phagocytosis of the target cell.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Amoebiasis is done by,
- stool examination to identify cysts or trophozoites of E. histolytica
- histolytica trophozoites are also identified from the aspirates or biopsy samples obtained during colonoscopy
- Enzyme immunoassay is done to identify extraintestinal disease.
- Radiography, Ultrasonography, Computerized tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging are used to detect liver abscess or cerebral Amoebiasis
Treatments
Gastrointestinal Amoebiasis is treated by using Nitroimidazole drugs because this kills amoebas in the blood, in the wall of the intestine, and in liver abscesses. Metronidazole and Tinidazole are examples. This drug should be followed by Paromomycin to cure the luminal infection.
Prognosis
Amoebiasis when treated, the prognosis is good. But in some parts of the world, recurrent infections are seen. The mortality rates after treatment are less than 1%.
Complications
The complications of Amoebiasis includes,
- Bowel perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Stricture formation.
- Empyema
- Peritonitis
- Inflammation and ulceration of the colon
- Anaemia due to loss of blood.
Disease and Ayurveda
In Ayurveda, the symptoms of Amoebiasis can be correlated to Pravahika in which there is repeated defecation of watery stools often associated with abdominal pain.
Nidana- Causes
The causes of pravahika include,
- Intake of heavy, oily or dry watery food
- Incompatible food
- Food that causes indigestion
- Due to krimi dosha (infections)
Purvaroopam- Premonitory Symptoms
- Toda (pricking pain) in cardiac region, umbilical region, abdomen,
- Gaatra avasada (body fatigue)
- Vitsanga (constipation)
- Adhmana(flatulence)
- Avipaka(indigestion)
Samprapthi Maturation
Vata pradhana tridosha kopa occurs which vitiates anna rasa and raktha (blood) along with depletion of jadaragni (digestive power). There occurs sanga (obstruction) or atipravritti (excess) of mala (stools).
Lakshana Signs and Symptoms
The general symptoms of pravahika include,
- Defecation of stool mixed with rakta (blood) and sleshma (mucous)
- Tenesmus
- There can have purishaja krimi (worms/ cysts) in the stool
Divisions based on Dosha
Four types of pravahika according to dosha vitiation,
- Vataja pravahika
- Pittaja pravahika
- Kaphaja pravahika
- Raktaja pravahika
Pravahika can occur alone or in association with other diseases. Grahani and Raktasrava (haemorrhage) are the usual complications of pravahika.
Chikitsa- Treatment
The treatment can be adopted considering the bala of the patient and disease. In the initial stage to cure amavastha langana (fasting) can be done if the patient is healthy. Then pachana and deepana medicines are advised to increase digestion. To stop atipravritti of mala sthambana (anti-diarrhoeal medicines) can be given. If the patient is healthy and there is excess vitiation of dosha virechana (purgation) can be done.
Commonly used medicines
- Kutajavaleha
- Kutajarishta
- Dhanwantharam gulika
- Vilwadi Gutika
- Vilwadi lehya
- Ramabana rasa
- Chitrakadi vati
- Kutajghan vati
- Mahasankha vai
- Dadimashtak Churna
- Ashta Churna
- Sitopaladi Churna
- Vidangarishta
Brands available
- Vaidyaratnam Oushadasala
- Aryavaidyasala Kottakkal
- Dhootpapeswar
- Baidyanath
- Zandu Pharmaceuticals
Home Remedies and diet
- Buttermilk is an ideal choice
- Buttermilk cooked with ginger, curry leaves, turmeric powder, etc. is good
- Juice of curry leaves, ginger, and sugar
- The diet should be warm and easy to digest
- Avoid fried, hot, spicy food.
Yoga
No exercise is beneficial at the time of disease. But yoga postures like vajrasana helps in digestion and maintaining healthy Agni.
Research articles link.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5041389/#:~:text=According%20to%20Ayurveda%2C%20it%20can,(blood%2Dmixed%20stool).
https://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/view/580
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308493897_Ayurvedic_management_of_Pravahika_A_case_report
http://www.iamj.in/posts/2019/images/upload/1446_1449.pdf
https://www.ijam.co.in/index.php/ijam/article/download/14/6/
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